Hyaluronic acid serum, 30 ml

With its compatibility with human skin, the product’s hyaluronic acid effectively reduces premature wrinkles, soothes skin irritations, and promotes wound healing and hydration [1]. To optimize its efficiency, the product has two forms of hyaluronic acid with dissimilar molecular weights that moisturize various skin layers.

The application of sodium acetylated hyaluronate, also known as acetylated hyaluronic acid, can deeply penetrate into the skin, making it an advanced and effective ingredient used solely in high-quality exclusive products.

Hydroxyethyl urea, a urea derivative, moisturizes the skin without feeling sticky while enhancing other active ingredients’ penetration.

Epidermal regeneration and wound healing are aided by panthenol. It is effective in moisturizing the skin and treating skin irritations such as contact and atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and eczema [6]. Its well-absorbed nature by the skin and subsequent conversion into pantothenic acid contribute to the skin's biochemical processes and cell cycle support [7].

Collagen synthesis stimulation in the dermis through beta-glucan interaction with fibroblasts and cytokine-mediated interaction with macrophages [3] helps hydrate the skin and tighten it in deeper layers.

The skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF) contains sodium lactate, a component of lactic acid, which has excellent water-binding qualities that assist in skin hydration [8]. It can effectively treat pigmented and sun-damaged skin due to its exfoliating and antioxidant properties [9]. The production of ceramides, essential for the skin's protective barrier function & ability to hold moisture, is boosted by it. [8].

Hyaluronic acid (INCI: SODIUM HYALURONATE)

As one ages, the production of hyaluronic acid in the body decreases, resulting in loss of elasticity and wrinkles. It is responsible for maintaining smooth and supple skin by binding water effectively. Reduced hyaluronic acid production as the body ages results in less elasticity and the formation of wrinkles. Hyaluronic acid is present in anti-aging products like eye creams, face masks, and skin creams to retain moisture by binding water in the top layer of skin cells. This helps reduce the visible signs of skin aging. [10].

Sodium acetylated hyaluronate (INCI: SODIUM ACETYLATED HYALURONATE)

The ingredient is highly active and innovative. Hyaluronic acid can be present as a salt or an ester, with one such ester being sodium acetylated hyaluronate. Hyaluronic acid with an acetyl group incorporated into its molecule is a superior skincare ingredient that is highly sought-after for its remarkable skin-penetrating abilities. [11].

Glycerin (INCI: GLYCERIN)

Glycerin has naturally occurring humectant properties and is widely used in skincare products. Miscibility with water and alcohol is a property of this clear liquid that is odorless and dense. Glycerin, which is miscible with water, can bind moisture in both skincare products and the skin. With its humectant properties, glycerin (INCI designation: mainly as an oral component -glycerin) is equipped to retain moisture in both the skin and the product. Most skincare products use glycerin due to its high efficiency and skin tolerance. Furthermore, hair care products like shampoos and conditioners contain glycerin for their moisturizing abilities. [12].

Lactic acid (INCI: LACTIC ACID)

With both carboxy and hydroxy groups, lactic acid is considered a hydroxy carbonic acid. It is clear to slightly yellowish liquid that can be easily mixed with water and alcohol. In different fluids and tissues of the human body, L-(+) lactic acid is found, including sweat, blood, muscle serum, kidneys, bile, and saliva. Alpha-hydroxy acid with hygroscopic properties is what lactic acid is, and it's lactating that we call its salts and esters. Lactic acid fermentation requires lactic acid as an intermediate product in sugar breakdown. It is found in the hydrolipidic film of the skin's protective acid mantle, and it helps maintain a balanced pH value of the skin. Good moisture penetration into the skin is facilitated by lactic acid and other substances like proteins, sugar, and urea. Skincare items often use lactic acid (INCI: LACTIC Acid; salts: LACTATE) to both hydrate and regulate the pH balance of dry skin areas as part of their formulation. Skincare products commonly contain lactic acid, which has keratolytic properties and helps avoid keratinization, making it an effective ingredient for improving the skin's stratum corneum. Liquid soaps frequently contain lactic acid due to their antibacterial properties.

Hydroxyethyl urea (INCI: HYDROXYETHYL UREA)

An excellent humectant, hydroxyethyl urea, is a urea derivative. It helps restore the skin's proper moisture level and elasticity. Skin care products that contain hydroxyethyl urea have a superior sensory feel to those containing glycerol or other humectants, and the formula feels non-tacky.

Panthenol (INCI: PANTHENOL):

Panthenol supports the elasticity and protective barrier function of the skin; it is utilized commonly in hair care products and creams. Dissolving easily in water and alcohol, this substance is colorless with a slight stickiness and faint odor. It doesn't irritate the skin and has properties that moisturize, regenerate, and balance it. It supports the skin's protective barrier function and enhances its elasticity. Panthenol is utilized in grooming items like creams, lotions, lip care, and hair care products. In hair care products, panthenol improves moisture balance and strengthens hair. Panthenol improves moisture balance and strengthens hair.

Beta glucan (INCI: BETA GLUCAN):

Various kinds of natural sources such as yeast, mushrooms, seaweed, or oats can provide Beta-glucan, a complex sugar or polysaccharide. As an ingredient in skin care products, beta-glucan reduces redness and sensitivity. It is derived from natural sources like oats, yeast, mushrooms, and seaweed. Beta-glucan visibly reduces the signs of aging and sun damage by improving uneven skin tone and reducing the depth of wrinkles.

[1] ZHU, Jieyu, et al. Applications and delivery mechanisms of
hyaluronic acid used for topical/transdermal delivery–a review. International
journal of pharmaceutics, 2020, 578: 119127.

[2] DRAELOS, Zoe D. The science behind skin care: moisturizers. Journal
of cosmetic dermatology, 2018, 17.2: 138-144.

[3] DU, Bin; BIAN,
Zhaoxiang; XU, Baojun. Skin health promotion effects of natural beta‐glucan
derived from cereals and microorganisms: a review. Phytotherapy Research,
2014, 28.2: 159-166.

[4] SIVAK, Hannah. Glycans in Skin Care.

[5] ABD ALSAHEB, Ramzi A., et al. Lactic acid applications in
pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries. Journal of Chemical and
Pharmaceutical Research, 2015, 7.10: 729-735.

[6] PAVLAČKOVÁ, Jana, et al. In vivo efficacy and
properties of semisolid formulations containing panthenol. Journal of
Cosmetic Dermatology, 2019, 18.1: 346-354.

[7] CAMARGO JR, Flávio B., et al. Skin moisturizing
effects of panthenol-based formulations. Journal of cosmetic science,
2011, 62.4: 361.

[8] ALGIERT‐ZIELIŃSKA,
Barbara; MUCHA, Paulina; ROTSZTEJN, Helena. Lactic and lactobionic acids as
typically moisturizing compounds. International journal of dermatology,
2019, 58.3: 374-379.

[9] HUANG,
Huey-Chun, et al. Lactic acid bacteria and lactic acid for skin health and
melanogenesis inhibition. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 2020,
21.7: 566-577.

[10] Online Access: https://cosmileeurope.eu/lt/inci/sudedamoji-dalis/14809/sodium-hyaluronate/

[11] Online Access: https://cosmileeurope.eu/lt/inci/sudedamoji-dalis/14518/sodium-acetylated-hyaluronate/

[12] Online Access:: https://cosmileeurope.eu/lt/inci/sudedamoji-dalis/5951/glycerin/

[13] Online Access: https://cosmileeurope.eu/lt/inci/sudedamoji-dalis/7749/lactic-acid/

[14] Online Access: https://cosmileeurope.eu/lt/inci/sudedamoji-dalis/10243/panthenol/

Is daily use of hyaluronic acid serum advisable?

Applying hyaluronic acid serum correctly and daily is important to maintain skin moisture. Correct application of the hyaluronic acid serum requires applying it onto clean skin followed by a moisturizer and/or face oil to retain moisture.

Is hyaluronic acid serum suitable for individuals with sensitive skin?

Sensitive skin types can benefit from using the hyaluronic acid serum. The hyaluronic acid serum of Moon Cosmetics features 8 moisturizers that can maintain, hydrate and enhance the skin's hydrolipidic barrier and elasticity.

Can hyaluronic acid serum be used after cosmetic procedures like acid skin peeling?

After a chemical skin peeling procedure you can safely use hyaluronic acid serum since it does not contain skin-irritating components and it’s created for sensitive and damaged skin.

Is hyaluronic acid serum effective for mature skin?

Helping mature skin to recover moisture and elasticity, the hyaluronic acid serum is truly effective. Aging skin often loses its ability to maintain moisture properly, which can be addressed by using Moon Cosmetics' hyaluronic acid serum enriched with a complex of 8 moisturizers.

Should people avoid mixing hyaluronic acid with certain substances?

Retinol, vitamin C, AHA, BHA acids, and other ingredients are all compatible with hyaluronic acid.

What is the most effective concentration of hyaluronic acid?

For the most effective concentration, hyaluronic acid's molecular size must be considered, with concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 2%. For optimal effectiveness, Moon Cosmetics' hyaluronic acid serum utilizes two different sizes at maximum concentrations.